621 Gates Avenue Brooklyn Ny to Art Students League

Art schoolhouse in Manhattan, New York

The Art Students League of New York is an art school at 215 West 57th Street in Manhattan, New York City, New York. The League has historically been known for its broad entreatment to both amateurs and professional artists.

Although artists may report full-time, at that place accept never been any degree programs or grades, and this informal attitude pervades the culture of the school. From the 19th century to the nowadays, the League has counted among its attendees and instructors many historically of import artists, and contributed to numerous influential schools and movements in the fine art earth.

The League also maintains a significant permanent collection of student and faculty piece of work, and publishes an online periodical of writing on art-related topics, chosen LINEA. The journal's name refers to the schoolhouse'due south motto Nulla Dies Sine Linea or "No Twenty-four hour period Without a Line", traditionally attributed to the Greek painter Apelles by the historian Pliny the Elder, who recorded that Apelles would not permit a mean solar day laissez passer without at least drawing a line to practice his art.^[one]

History [edit]

Founded in 1875, the League's creation came almost in response to both an predictable gap in the program of the National Academy of Blueprint's program of classes for that year, and to longer-term desires for more than variety and flexibility in teaching for artists. The breakaway group of students included many women, and was originally housed in rented rooms at 16th Street and Fifth Artery.^{[2] [3]}

When the University resumed a more than typical—but liberalized—plan in 1877, there was some feeling that the League had served its purpose, merely its students voted to proceed its plan, and it was incorporated the post-obit year. Influential board members from this formative menses included painter Thomas Eakins and sculptor Augustus Saint-Gaudens. Membership connected to increase, forcing the League to relocate to increasingly larger spaces.

The League participated in the founding of the American Fine Arts Guild (AFAS) in 1889, together with the Society of American Artists and the Architectural League, amidst others. The American Fine Arts Edifice at 215 West 57th Street, constructed as their articulation headquarters, has continued to house the League since 1892.^[4] Designed in the French Renaissance manner past 1 of the founders of the AFAS, architect Henry Hardenbergh (in collaboration with West.C. Hunting & J.C. Jacobsen), the building is a designated New York City Landmark^[5] and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

In the late 1890s and early 1900s an increasing number of women artists came to report and work at the League many of them taking on cardinal roles. Among them were Wilhelmina Weber Furlong and her husband Thomas Furlong. The avant-garde couple served the league in executive and administrative roles and as educatee members throughout the American modernism move.^[6] Alice Van Vechten Chocolate-brown, who would later develop some of the first fine art programs in American higher education, besides studied with the league until prolonged family unit illness sent her domicile.^[7]

The painter Edith Dimock, a educatee from 1895 to 1899, described her classes at the Art Students League:

In a room innocent of ventilation, the chore was to describe Venus (just the head) and her colleagues. We were not allowed to hitch bodies to the heads——all the same. The dead white plaster of Paris was a perfect inducer of eye-strain, and was called "The Antique." One was supposed to work from "The Antique" for two years. The reward of "The Antique" was that all these gods and athletes were such fantabulous models: there never was the twitch of an iron-bound muscle. Venus never batted her difficult-boiled egg eye, and the Discus-thrower never wearied. They were as well cheap models and did non have to exist paid wedlock rates.^[8]

In his official biography, My Adventures every bit an Illustrator, Norman Rockwell recounts his time studying at the school as a young man, providing insight into its performance in the early on 1900s.

The League'southward popularity persisted into the 1920s and 1930s under the hand of instructors like painter Thomas Hart Benton, who counted among his students at that place the young Jackson Pollock and other avant-garde artists who would rise to prominence in the 1940s.

Betwixt 1942 and 1943, many of the League'southward students joined the armed forces to fight in World State of war Ii, and the League'due south enrollment decreased from 1,000 to 400, putting it in danger of endmost in mid-1943.^[ix] In response, five hundred artists donated $15,000, just enough to keep the League from closing.^[10] In the years later Earth State of war Two, the K.I. Nib played an important role in the continuing history of the League by enabling returning veterans to nourish classes.^[eleven] The League continued to be a determinative influence on innovative artists, being an early stop in the careers of Abstract expressionists, Pop Artists and scores of others including Lee Bontecou, Helen Frankenthaler, Al Held, Eva Hesse, Roy Lichtenstein, Donald Judd, Knox Martin, Robert Rauschenberg, James Rosenquist, Cy Twombly and many others vitally active in the art globe.

In 1968, Lisa Thou. Specht was elected first female president of the League. The League's unique importance in the larger art world dwindled somewhat during the 1960s, partially because of higher academia's emergence as an important presence in contemporary art instruction, and partially due to a shift in the art world towards minimalism, photography, conceptual fine art, and a more impersonal and indirect approach to fine art making.

As of 2010^[update], the League continues to attract a wide diversity of young artists; and the focus on fine art made by hand, both figurative and abstruse, remains potent; its continued significance has largely been in the continuation of its original mission – to requite admission to art classes and studio access to all comers, regardless of their means or technical groundwork.^{[12] [13]}

Other facilities [edit]

From 1906 until 1922, and again after the terminate of World State of war 2 from 1947 until 1979, the League operated a summer school of painting at Woodstock, New York. In 1995, the League's facilities expanded to include the Vytlacil campus in Sparkill, New York, named after and based upon a gift of the property and studio of sometime instructor Vaclav Vytlacil.^[14]

Notable instructors and lecturers [edit]

Since its inception, the Art Students League has employed notable professional person artists as instructors and lecturers. Most engagements take been for a year or two, and some, similar those of sculptor George Grey Barnard, were quite brief.

Others have taught for decades, notably: Frank DuMond and George Bridgman, who taught beefcake for artists and life drawing classes for some 45 years, reportedly to 70,000 students. Bridgman's successor was Robert Beverly Hale. Other longtime instructors included the painters Frank Bricklayer (DuMond's successor, over 50 years), Kenneth Hayes Miller (40 years) from 1911 until 1951, sculptor Nathaniel Kaz (50 years), Peter Golfinopoulos (over 40 years), Knox Martin (over 45 years), Martha Flower (30 years) and the sculptors William Zorach (30 years), and Jose De Creeft, Will Barnet (50 years) from the 1930s to the 1990s, and Bruce Dorfman (over l years).

Other well-known artists who have served as instructors include: Lawrence Alloway, Charles Alston, Volition Barnet, Robert Beauchamp, George Bellows, Thomas Hart Benton, Isabel Bishop, Arnold Blanch, Louis Bouche, Robert Brackman, George Bridgman, Alexander Stirling Calder, Naomi Andrée Campbell, Robert Cenedella, ^[xv]Jean Charlot, William Merritt Chase, Dionisio Cimarelli,^[16] Timothy J. Clark, Walter Appleton Clark, Kenyon Cox, Jose De Creeft, John Steuart Curry, Stuart Davis, Edwin Dickinson, Sidney Dickinson, Frederick Dielman, Harvey Dinnerstein, Arthur Wesley Dow, Frank DuMond, Frank Duveneck, Thomas Eakins, Daniel Chester French, Dagmar Freuchen, Wilhelmina Weber Furlong, Michael Goldberg, Stephen Greene, George Grosz, Molly Guion,^[17] Lena Gurr, Philip Guston, Robert Beverly Hale, Lovell Birge Harrison, Ernest Haskell, Childe Hassam, Robert Henri, Eva Hesse, Charles Hinman, Hans Hofmann, Harry Holtzman, Jamal Igle, Burt Johnson, Wolf Kahn, Morris Kantor, Rockwell Kent, Walt Kuhn, Yasuo Kuniyoshi, Gabriel Laderman, Ronnie Landfield, Jacob Lawrence, Hayley Lever, Martin Lewis, George Luks, Paul Manship, Reginald Marsh, Fletcher Martin, Knox Martin, Jan Matulka, Earl Mayan, Mary Beth Mckenzie, William Charles McNulty, Willard Metcalf, Kenneth Hayes Miller, Fred Mitchell, F. Luis Mora, Robert Neffson, Kimon Nicolaïdes, Maxfield Parrish, Jules Pascin, Joseph Pennell, Richard C. Pionk, Larry Poons, Richard Pousette-Dart, Abraham Rattner, Peter Reginato, Frank J. Reilly, Henry Reuterdahl, Boardman Robinson, Augustus Saint-Gaudens, Kikuo Saito, Nelson Shanks, William Scharf, Susan Louise Shatter, Walter Shirlaw, John Sloan, Hughie Lee-Smith, Isaac Soyer, Raphael Soyer, Theodoros Stamos, Anita Steckel, Harry Sternberg, Augustus Vincent Tack, George Tooker, John Henry Twachtman, Vaclav Vytlacil, Max Weber, J. Alden Weir, Jerry Weiss, and William Zorach.^{[eighteen] [xix]}

Notable alumni [edit]

The school'southward list of notable alumni includes: Pacita Abad, Harry N. Abrams,^[20] Edwin Tappan Adney, Olga Albizu, Karin von Aroldingen, Ai Weiwei, Gladys Aller, William Anthony, Edmund Archer, Nela Arias-Misson, David Attie, Milton Avery, Elizabeth Gowdy Baker, Thomas R. Ball (a United States Congressman), Hugo Ballin, Will Barnet, Nancy Hemenway Barton, Saul Bass, C. C. Beall, Romare Bearden, Tony Bennett, Theresa Bernstein, Brother Thomas Bezanson, Thomas Hart Benton, Ilse Bischoff, Isabel Bishop, Dorothy Block, Leonard Bocour, Harriet Bogart, Abraham Bogdanove, Lee Bontecou, Henry Botkin, Louise Bourgeois, Harry Bowden, Stanley Boxer, Louise Brann, D. Putnam Brinley, James Brooks, Carmen L. Browne, Jennie Augusta Brownscombe, Edith Bry, Dennis Miller Bunker, Jacob Burck, Feliza Bursztyn, Theodore Earl Butler, Paul Cadmus, Alexander Calder, Chris Campbell, John F. Carlson, Kathrin Cawein, Paul Chalfin, Ching Ho Cheng, Minna Citron, Margaret Covey Chisholm, Walter Appleton Clark, Kate Freeman Clark, Henry Ives Cobb, Jr., Claudette Colbert, Willie Cole, John Connell, Russell Cowles, Allyn Cox, Ellis Credle, Richard V. Culter, Mel Cummin, Frederick Stuart Church building, Joan Danziger, Andrew Dasburg, Charles C. Dawson, Adolf Dehn, Dorothy Dehner, Sidney Dickinson, Burgoyne Diller, Ellen Eagle, Marjorie Eaton, Sir Jacob Epstein, Marisol Escobar, Joe Eula, Philip Evergood, Peter Falk, Frances Farrand Dodge, Ernest Fiene, Irving Fierstein, Louis Finkelstein, Ethel Fisher, Wilhelmina Weber Furlong, Helen Frankenthaler, Hodé Frankl, Frederick Carl Frieseke, Wanda Gág, Dan Gheno, Charles Dana Gibson, William Glackens, Elias Goldberg, Michael Goldberg, Shirley Goldfarb, Peter Golfinopoulos, Adolph Gottlieb, Blanche Grambs, John D. Graham, Enrique Grau, Nancy Graves, Cloudless Greenberg, Stephen Greene, Red Grooms, Chaim Gross, Lena Gurr, Bessie Pease Gutmann, Minna Harkavy, Marsden Hartley, Julius Hatofsky, Ethel Hays, Gus Heinze, Al Held, Carmen Herrera, Eva Hesse, Al Hirschfeld, Itshak Holtz, Lorenzo Homar, Winslow Homer, Thomas Hoving, Paul Jenkins, Burt Johnson, Donald Judd, Joan Kahn,^[21] Matsumi Kanemitsu, Alonzo Myron Kimball, Torleif S. Knaphus, Belle Kogan, Lee Krasner, Ronnie Landfield, Adelaide Lawson, Arthur Lee, Lucy L'Engle, Alfred Leslie, Roy Lichtenstein, Dorothy Loeb, Tom Loepp, Michael Loew, John Marin, Reginald Marsh, Knox Martin, Donald Martiny, Mercedes Thing, Louisa Matthiasdottir, Peter Max, John Alan Maxwell, Eleanore Mikus, Emil Milan, Lee Miller, David Milne, F. Luis Mora, Walter Tandy Murch, Reuben Nakian, Louise Nevelson, Barnett Newman, Isamu Noguchi, Sassona Norton, Georgia O'Keeffe, Mary Orwen, Roselle Osk, Tom Otterness, Betty Waldo Parish, Clara Weaver Parrish, Betty Parsons, David Partridge,^[22] Phillip Pavia,^[23] Roger Tory Peterson, Bert Geer Phillips, I. Rice Pereira, ^[24]Alain J. Picard, Jackson Pollock, Fairfield Porter, Edith Mitchill Prellwitz, Henry Prellwitz, Robert Rauschenberg, Human Ray, Charles M. Relyea, Frederic Remington, Priscilla Roberts, Norman Rockwell, Esther Rolick, Louise Emerson Ronnebeck, Herman Rose, Leonard Rosenfeld, James Rosenquist, Sanford Ross, Mark Rothko, Glen Rounds, Luis Alvarez Roure, Peter Rubino, Morgan Russell, Abbey Ryan,^[25] Sam Savitt, Concetta Scaravaglione, Louis Schanker, Mary Schepisi, Katherine Schmidt, Emily Maria Scott, Ethel Schwabacher, Joan Semmel, Maurice Sendak, Ben Shahn, Nelson Shanks, Nat Mayer Shapiro, Henrietta Shore, Jessamine Shumate, David Smith, Tony Smith, Vincent D. Smith Robert Smithson, Louise Hammond Willis Snead, Armstrong Sperry, Otto Stark, William Starkweather, Frank Stella, Joseph Stella, Inga Stephens Pratt Clark, Harry Sternberg, Clyfford However, Soichi Sunami, Katharine Lamb Tait, Minerva Teichert, Val Telberg, Patty Prather Thum, George Tooker, Kim Tschang-yeul, Wen-Ying Tsai, Marija Rima Tūbelaitė, Luce Turnier, Cy Twombly, Jack Tworkov, Edward Charles Volkert, Emmett Watson, Nan Watson, Alonzo C. Webb, Sybilla Mittell Weber Davyd Whaley, Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, Adolph Alexander Weinman, J. Alden Weir, Jerry Weiss, Stow Wengenroth, Pennerton West, Anita Willets-Burnham, Ellen Axson Wilson, Gahan Wilson, Louise Waterman Wise, Sarah A. Worden, Alice Morgan Wright, Russel Wright, Art Young, Philip Zuchman, and Iván Zulueta.^{[26] [xviii] [nineteen]}

See also [edit]

• National Academy of Design
• Gild of American Artists
• Ten American Painters
• List of art schools
• Atelier Method

References [edit]

1. ^ "LINEA". Asllinea.org. Retrieved 2013-07-23 .
2. ^ Cotter, Kingdom of the netherlands (2005-09-09). "CRITIC'S NOTEBOOK - A School's Colorful Patina - NYTimes.com". New York Times . Retrieved 2013-07-23 .
3. ^ "Art Students League". The Art Story.
4. ^ Christopher Gray (2003-10-05). "Streetscapes/Art Students League at 215 West 57th Street; An 1892 Limestone-Fronted Edifice That Endures". The New York Times . Retrieved 2013-07-23 .
5. ^ "The American Fine Arts Society" (PDF). New York City Landmarks Preservation Committee. December 10, 1968. Retrieved 24 June 2016.
6. ^ Clint Weber, Sr. (19 July 2012). The Treasured Collection of Golden Heart Subcontract: A Biography of Wilhelmina Weber Furlong. Weber Furlong Drove. In the foreword by Professor Emeritus James K. Kettlewell: Harvard, Skidmore Higher, Curator The Hyde Collection. ISBN978-0-9851601-0-4 . Retrieved 23 July 2013.
7. ^ Brent Wilson; Harlan Hoffa; Pennsylvania State University. Schoolhouse of Visual Arts; National Art Didactics Association (1987). The history of art education: proceedings from the Penn Country Conference. National Art Education Association.
8. ^ Marian Wardle. American Women Modernists: The Legacy of Robert Henri, 1910-1945. Rutgers Academy Press; 2005. ISBN 978-0-8135-3684-2. p. 105.
9. ^ "Art Students' League Lacks Funds, May Stop: Nation's Oldest Independent Art School Lost 600 Pupils to Armed forces". New York Herald Tribune. 1942-02-09. p. 17. Retrieved 2020-12-01 – via ProQuest.
10. ^ "Art Students League Saved by Contributions: Artists Donate 15,000 to Avert Endmost in September". New York Herald Tribune. 1942-06-25. p. 17. Retrieved 2020-12-01 – via ProQuest.
11. ^ "Staying Power". July nine, 2015.
12. ^ Hoory, Leeron (July 4, 2016). "The Improbable History Of NYC's Revolutionary Art Schoolhouse, The Fine art Students League". Gothamist.
13. ^ "History". The Fine art Students League. Retrieved 2013-07-23 .
14. ^ "Residency". Theartstudentsleague.org. Archived from the original on 2010-09-xiii. Retrieved 2013-07-23 .
15. ^ "The Art Students League - Instructors". theartstudentsleague.org . Retrieved 25 January 2015.
16. ^ "Dionisio Cimarelli".
17. ^ "DOROTHY GAY JUERGENS". Larchmont Gazette. 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
18. ^ ^{a b} Prominent old members of the Art Students League, Art Students League website. Retrieved online, December 26, 2011
19. ^ ^{a b} "Instructors and Lecturers - By & Nowadays". The Fine art Students League. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2013-07-23 .
20. ^ Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. Oral history interview with Harry North. Abrams, 1972 March 14. [transcript 13 pp.] [Accessed Sept. xxx, 2020]
21. ^ Glickman, Anne S. Joan Kahn; April 13, 1914–1994. Jewish Women's Archive. Retrieved February 14, 2022.
22. ^ Slade prints of the 1950s : Richard Hamilton, Stanley Jones and Bartolomeu dos Santos. London: University College London. 2005. p. 55. ISBN1-904800-06-8.
23. ^ Sisario, Ben (2005-04-15). "Arts > Fine art & Design > Philip Pavia, 94, an Avant-Garde Sculptor, Is Dead". The New York Times . Retrieved 2013-07-23 .
24. ^ "The Guggenheim Museums and Foundation". The Guggenheim Museums and Foundation.
25. ^ Life After the League, compiled past Julia Montepagani Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, Lines from the League, Student and Alumni Newsletter, Wintertime 2011-2012
26. ^ "Prominent Old Students ofThe Art Students League of New York".

Further reading [edit]

• McElhinney James Fifty: Art Students League of New York on Painting: Lessons and Meditations on Mediums, Styles, and Methods, 2015.

External links [edit]

• Art Students League of New York
• "Brief History of The League'southward Early Years"
• Linea
• PBS American Masters documentation including some notable alumni
• Information on the ASL at the Traditional Fine Arts Arrangement spider web site, retrieved December 14, 2007
• "Linea, Journal of the Art Students League of New York" bachelor for download in PDF form; four bug per year (free)
• "On the Forepart Lines: Military Veterans at The Fine art Students League of New York"
• Art Students League records, 1875-1955 from the Smithsonian Archives of American Art

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Students_League_of_New_York

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